Ap Style Ages Mastery: Writing Numbers Correctly Every Time

In journalism, precision and consistency are paramount. This holds especially true when it comes to writing ages. While it might seem like a minor detail, adhering to Associated Press (AP) style guidelines for ages ensures clarity, professionalism, and adherence to industry standards. This comprehensive guide delves into the nuances of AP style for ages, providing you with the knowledge to write them correctly every time.

The Cardinal Rule: Spell Out Ages One to Nine

The cornerstone of AP style for ages is simple: spell out ages one through nine. This applies regardless of whether the age is used as a noun, adjective, or part of a larger number. * Correct: The 5-year-old child played in the park. * Incorrect: The 5 year old child played in the park. * Correct: She celebrated her seventh birthday. * Incorrect: She celebrated her 7th birthday. * Correct: The 6-month-old puppy was adorable. * Incorrect: The 6 month old puppy was adorable.

Numbers for Ages 10 and Above

For ages 10 and above, AP style dictates using numerals. This includes both cardinal numbers (10, 11, 12) and ordinal numbers (10th, 11th, 12th). * Correct: The 10-year-old won the science fair. * Correct: She placed 12th in the marathon.

Hyphenation: A Crucial Detail

When using numerals for ages, always hyphenate compound numbers from twenty-one through ninety-nine. * Correct: The 21-year-old graduate started her first job. * Incorrect: The 21 year old graduate started her first job.

Ages as Nouns and Adjectives

AP style treats ages consistently whether they function as nouns or adjectives. * Correct: The toddler, age 3, took his first steps. * Correct: The 3-year-old toddler took his first steps.

Decades: A Special Case

When referring to decades as nouns, AP style prefers spelling them out. However, when used as adjectives, numerals are acceptable. * Correct: She grew up in the nineteen eighties. * Correct: She wore 80s-style clothing.

Special Considerations

• Fractions: Use hyphens for fractional ages. The 2-¹⁄₂-year-old learned to ride a tricycle.
  • Ranges: Use numerals for age ranges, connected by an en dash. The study included participants aged 18–25.
  • Centuries: Spell out centuries (e.g., twentieth century).

Common Pitfalls to Avoid

• Inconsistent Usage: Be consistent throughout your writing. Don’t switch between spelling out and using numerals for the same age range.
  • Missing Hyphens: Remember to hyphenate compound numbers from twenty-one through ninety-nine.
  • Incorrect Ordinals: Use the correct ordinal suffix (st, nd, rd, th) for ages expressed as ordinal numbers.

Beyond the Basics: Advanced Scenarios

• Ages in Headlines: In headlines, AP style generally uses numerals for all ages, even those below 10.
  • Ages in Quotations: If a quotation includes an age, maintain the original wording, even if it deviates from AP style.

Tools and Resources

To ensure accuracy, utilize reliable resources like:

• The Associated Press Stylebook: The definitive guide to AP style, available in print and online.
  • AP StyleGuard: A browser extension that checks your writing for AP style violations.
  • Grammarly: While not specifically tailored to AP style, Grammarly can help identify grammatical errors and inconsistencies.

Mastering AP Style Ages: A Mark of Professionalism

Mastering AP style for ages might seem like a small detail, but it’s a crucial aspect of professional writing. By consistently applying these guidelines, you demonstrate attention to detail, respect for industry standards, and a commitment to clear and concise communication. Remember, in journalism, every word counts, and even the smallest details contribute to the overall quality and credibility of your work.